In general, the last 3 numbers of the part number are for small modifications which don't keep you from using the parts interchangeably.
The middle 3 numbers are for major changes (usually corrresponding with a model change), which, in general mean you can't interchange with another. Personally i know of no exceptions to this but there may be.
If in fact the early axle could be used on the later bike it would still carry the 300 center digits and just the last digits would change.
In general.
Specifically, i have nothing else to ad to your question. Other than one wouldn't assume a 300 part could interchange with a 392 part. Could be i supose, but highly unlikely.
For example the CB750 Clutch cable adjuster at the handlebar carries the 268 set of center digits. These digits are primarily for a CB77 305 Superhawk last made in 1968. But Honda used the same part on the CB750.