Today I fashioned a sort of a cover by taping a small tupperware container over the top of the air filter housing so as to limit the amount of air available to the air filter.
Far more effect than "limiting air" is the pressure change caused by such a feature.
The inlet "restriction" impedes the equalization pressure destined for the carb throat, and the carb's jets flow fuel at a rate determined by the throat pressure difference relative to the outside air.
In effect, more of the vacuum sourced by the cylinders reaches the carb jet exit ports, by restricting the air inlet. In fact, this can occur with the very same volume of air.
Exhaust pressure changes alter the oxygen demand of the cylinder, by disallowing space for renewal. Also, some of the unburned hydrocarbons are not evacuated from the cylinder. To run nearer stoichiometric, exhaust back pressure creates less need for fuel and more need for oxygen replacement. Some might call that "leaner carbs".
Air movement and pressure changes are two sides of the same coin. One does not occur without the other.