didn't remove any metal
Explain the chemistry that allows this, please.
Or, are you saying you couldn't see the metal that was removed with the naked eye?
From the Evaporust website. (I can't vouch for their claims, but I think the whole idea is that it's a rust remover that is only very modestly acidic):
EVAPO-RUST works at a pH of 6.1 to 7 (neutral) through selective chelation. This is a process in which a large synthetic molecule forms a bond with metals and holds them in solution. Most chelating agents bind many different metals. The active ingredient in EVAPO-RUST bonds to iron exclusively. It can remove iron from iron oxide, but is too weak to remove iron from steel because the iron is held much more strongly.
EVAPO-RUST is non-corrosive to steel and does not harm brass, copper, aluminum, gold, lead, titanium, steel, cast iron, chrome, solder points, vinyl, plastic, rubber, silicone, glass, cork, or wood.