Well, there should be absolutely no doubt the the engine with a 24.. leading the serial number is a 1976 engine.
1976 was the first year Honda actually called the bike a "K'76". Previous years were K1 through K5 for 1971 through 1975. The first year 1969/1970 was just CB750 and later a "K0" was unofficially adopted.
The "F" was a different animal. Introduced in 1975 as a CB750F with a 4-1 exhaust and a "sportier" styling. Also officially called a F'76 (F'77, F'78 etc) from 1976 on.
It's amazing to me how some people can dream this kind of crap up!
Honda never used the K? designation on CB750's until K1. The K0 was unofficially adopted to differentiate CB750 Sandcast and Diecast, the latter being called K0.
Honda was required by US DOT to assign specific models to specific years and had to put the year model on their VIN tags beginning 1976.
The K6 was never called a K'76 by Honda. They referenced ('76) in their shop manuals but they were officially designated CB750 K6 models.
The K7 was never called a K'77 by Honda. They referenced ('77) in their shop manuals but they were officially designated CB750 K7 models.
The K8 was never called a K'78 by Honda. They referenced ('78) in their shop manuals but they were officially designated CB750 K8 models.
The F1 was never called a F'76 by Honda. Could not find ('76) referenced in their manuals but they were officially designated CB750 F1 models.
The F2 was never called a F'77 by Honda. They referenced ('77) in their shop manuals but they were officially designated CB750 F2 models.
The F3 was never called a F'78 by Honda. They referenced ('78) in their shop manuals but they were officially designated CB750 F3 models.
Examples attached.