In the first pic cable has been disconnected, would below where it is in the pic inside that caliper half.
There us about a 10 mm slot in the main part of the caliper, it's where the disc travels..the main hole is above and below this, the stationary paid sits in the lower blind hole. The other hole is where the sliding pad is doing the work. Sliding back and forth in about a 19mm long section of the hole.
The plastic part pushes against the second half of caliper, a lot of the mechanism is inside that half.
The actuator, is pulled by the cable, it is a lot like the clutch lifter on a 750, 3 balls and ramps.
Between this and the plastic section three is a thrust bearing, to smooth out the action of things moving..