The plastic nylon ring helps keeps the brake puck (a shallow cylinder) aligned or square in the caliper cylinder, so it won’t get jammed or sticky with coincident uneven wear.
If you are confident you won’t ride the bike long enough for uneven wear to occur, you don’t need the plastic ring.
I’m not that confident. And, I would rather later owners of the bike don’t have to deal with sticky brakes and missing parts.