Both 530 and 630 chain are the same tooth width, 3/8", but the pitch, the space between the pins, is different: 5xx is 5/8", while 6xx is 6/8". The stock sprockets for your bike were 15 front and I believe 42 rear, for a ratio of 2.8:1. When converting to 530 chain, a 17 front with a 48 rear will give a ratio of 2.823:1.
Do you have the '76 rear wheel? The sprocket carrier mounts the rear sprocket in closer, but I don't know if it will fit into the '78 Comstar hub.