So, on a completely unrelated subject; If I overbored to 836 and installed a performance cam, would my stock carbs be able to handle the load, or should I buy a new set from cycle-x just right off the bat?
Also, what kind of HP could I expect to see on the dyno?

Question 1: Yes, with re-jetting. How to re-jet? It depends, there is not really a magic formula, you're gonna have to test and tune.
Question 2: Again, it depends. valves, head work, air filters, exhaust, ignition, etc... will all play into this. But realistically, you will probably get owned(badly) by just about any modern sportbike 600cc and up.