When you pass current through a resistance, it generates heat. Increase EITHER resistance or current and it makes more heat.
Corrosion/oxidation, even if it is transparent, is resistive. Adding brighter headlamps, draws more current.
The fuse is designed to melt with a set current passing through it. Lesser currents still generate heat, just not enough to melt the fuse material.
The stock bike draws about 10 amps through the 15A fuse. This creates about 1/2 to 2/3 of the heat needed to melt the fuse. It will be warm to the touch, but not painful. However, add resistance heating from fuse clips and/or more current passing through fuse and fuse clip oxidation and the fuse gets much closer to the temp needed to melt the fuse element. This is often a big ouch for human fingers.
Another issue is fuse clip contact pressure on the fuse. Generally speaking, the more contact pressure, the more the two metal parts behave as one piece of metal, offering lower resistance for electricity to traverse the region between the two metals.
The clip therefore, must hold the fuse tightly. You should not be able to remove the fuse with bare fingers. But, rather pry out with a tool or better yet, require a fuse extractor made for that purpose.
The fuse clip retention springing can be damaged by excessive or repeated heating of the clip material, as this "relaxes" the metal. Often, though, you can regain strong fuse retention by pinching the clip ends together.
The fuse block can also get hot enough to lose solder on the connections at the back. Lost solder means higher resistance and the heat from this can also conduct toward the fuse clips/fuse.
Finally, the fuse clips must be allowed to float in the fuse block. This allows them to self align with whatever fuse is installed and present the most contact area between fuse and fuse clip. More area of contact equals lower resistance. If the plastic where the fuse clips attach to the block is melted, this alignment ability is usually compromised.
Each one of these factors can contribute a small amount to the problem. However, a large amount can be created from many small amounts.
Cheers,