The older tanks have a 3/4 tank bung and the K3 tanks have a 5/8 tank bung. This is a thread peak to peak diameter measurement.
If yours has the smaller bung, it's no wonder you're having a #$%* of a time getting that filter/stand pipe out of the tank as it was supposed to go into a larger opening. That style had a "sock" over the stand pipe inside. I wonder if it is still intact?
The two square holes you see are the main and reserve feeds to the petcock. This style uses a thin rubber gasket to keep the two feeds separate to the petcock. The in tank filter is keyed to the petcock with a flat on one side. A simple oring may keep it from leaking. But, it won't provide a separation and thus no effective reserve setting.
The K3 petcock has a round columnar filter pressed into the bung and an oring for the seal. The petcock has the actual stand pipe and the reserve feed at the union.
Any chance you can punch the Previous owner/mutilator in the nose?
The 77/78 model petcocks with the small tank bung are hard to find matching petcocks that fit, discontinued by Honda. There is a thread in the tip & tricks about rebuilding these as they are riveted together. If you don't mind a different outlet position, I'm pretty sure a CX500 petcock will fit on the small tank bung. And last I checked, were still available from Honda. Otherwise, a used one is your only avenue to amend the apparent kludge you have.
Cheers,