The tubeless system conversion was driven by two major points, as I see it.
1. Blowout avoidance
2. Less tire heating (allowing higher sustained speeds, and greater longevity at those speeds).
One failure mode for tubes is that the tire carcass becomes damaged and the tube oozes out side the carcass, forming a bubble. When the tube bubble breaks, you have a "blowout" and the vehicle has a rapid change in stability. At high speed, the tire will often separate from the rim, leaving the rim to dig into the road surface and catch in ruts and grooves ending in a rollover (cars).
Blowouts on a tubeless system are far more rare, and usually when a tubeless tire fails, the air loss rate is slower giving a transition period of vehicle handling weirdness before going completley flat. Further, the tubeless bead lock system keeps the tire on the rim far longer than the tube type bead and rim while the wheel is still turning.
I believe the tubeless system was instigated by the auto industry, then adopted by the motorcycle community because the marketing of tubeless was touted as "better" (which it is is some ways). Tubeless tires do suffer less heating at higher speeds, which is certainly appropriate for high speed motorcycle operation. If you want to do more than 125 MPH with frequency, then do convert to the tubeless tire/wheel system.
None of this should be construed as an endorsement for tubeless tires on a tube rim without a tube installed.