I have done several frames on the cheap. A good paint job is all about the preparation. Wash, degrease frame and use and chemical stripper as suggested. Remove final bits of paint with sandpaper, 3M scrubies, steel wool, brash brushes as suggested. Power washing at a car wash is cheap. Patience and beer helps this process.
Even on a budget I always used a good two-part epoxy primer with a gun. Avoid rattle can paint, you get what you pay for. If you do not have a compressor or spray gun buy a small detail HVLP paint gun and borrow or rent a small compressor from friend, neighbor et al and make sure it has filtration. Beer is usually a welcome form of barter. A small paint gun is $25-50 and a great investment. Commercial auto places like NAPA, Auto Zone et al sell pints of primer and single stage paint for reasonable prices and you will much left over for other parts and projects.
You can get great results for less than $75. Pic of my Norton frame done cheaply, but well.