Did the dip eat the aluminum, or did you leave the old jets in it as well? If you left the old jets in it, it probably just ate the rubber o-rings off, now they fall out. But if the screw-in slow jet won't hold, then I think it's probably cashed.
As far as switching them, I'm not sure. I would think it could work in theory, but even if you vac-synched them, if it has a different slow jet but same float level, you would have different mixture making the cylinder work different from the rest. I think the float level is set to match the slow jet (as well as other things), so you would have to make it a 38 jet and not a 42 jet if you matched the float level to your other carbs.
Out of curiosity, let us know what 'dip' you're using and how long they were in there.
-Tim