You probably have the bike on the main stand right now, why not try some tests.
Turn the back wheel by hand in neutral, what happens?
Turn the back wheel by hand in gear, what happens?
This is quite an enigma but is probably a simple fix if we can track down the fault.
1) the bike starts and runs fine with the clutch lever pulled in
2) once the clutch lever is released the bike stops dead.
3) If the starter button is depressed while the clutch lever is released the battery can almost not turn the bike over.
Are there any "spare parts" floating around in the clutch area DD? as you say you have been riding the bike for a while now and parts don't just disappear!
OK lets look at this from Mr Spocks' logical angle.....the engine runs when it is not connected to the gearbox.
Once connected to the gearbox the engine dies
The clutch must be working as it is having an effect on the connection of the two.
This leaves us with the conclusion that the gearbox is somehow not functioning correctly.