When Honda introduced the DOHC CB450 in the 60s, it became an immediate success at the track. It was so successful, and dominated the HD and British bikes so well, that Harley used its political muscle to ban DOHC engines in AMA competition. Honda had to respond with a new engine design, which added more support to the SOHC engine series that we have all come to know and love. If it weren't for this rule, then Honda would have continued to develop the DOHC in the 60s, and our lovely SOHC power plants might never have had a chance to develop.
Harley later followed up with another rule in the AMA allowing them an additional 250cc because of their archaic engine design. It sure is funny how HD "evened" the playing field. Most manufacturers tried to improve their products. HD tried to hold everyone else back.
Camelman