You've already received a lot of excellent advice. Here's my 2 cents worth anyway. The CB750 was the first production bike to use a disk brake. The disk was significantly more powerful than the drum brakes, especially in the wet, and Honda was afraid riders would have problems locking the front wheel, so they deliberately made it less powerful than they could have (at least that's the story I've been told). Sand the disk lightly on both sides, make sure your pads are good, that your hydraulics aren't leaking and have enough fluid, and with the braided lines, you've done all you can. Use four fingers and squeeze hard.
Make sure your rear brake is in good shape and properly adjusted. Since the front brake is not as powerful as those on the new bikes, there isn't as much weight transfer to the front wheel, that means there's more traction for braking available at the rear wheel
With respect to the throttle, I don't have much to add. I have the same problem. My solution is one of those thumb operated throttle stops. I use it so much that I don't even think about it, and it allows me to take my hand off the throttle every once in a while to "shake it out" and work the kinks out of my wrist and fingers.