I wanted to learn how this worked so I did a test with an old saw I had laying around. Pics of the process:
I bought a sheet of steel at Lowe's and cut it up into sections that would fit in a plastic bucket. Also shown is the washing soda I used. I can't remember what the concentration was, 1/4 cup per gallon of water, maybe, but it isn't exactly critical. You just want to reduce the resistance of the water.
The anode in the bucket. I was trying to get it set up so there would be no "blind spot." If I had used only the section in the back and not the sides, only the rust surface facing it would have been cleaned. The side facing away would have remained rusty.
The test piece. I cleaned it with soap and a stainless brush to get the sap and goop off before the electrolysis.
The setup. Saw in the water, not touching the anode. Negative lead on the saw, positive on the anode.
Another view. I had to keep the saw away from the anode, hence the piece of wood.
Making hydrogen. This is after a couple of minutes. I let it go for about a day and at the end the surface of the water was covered with rusty, brown scum.
The result. When the saw came out of the water it was covered in a black film. Warm water, soap, and a stainless brush gets rid of it and you're left with bare metal.
It works, it's cheap, and it can clean large areas of heavily rusted, oddly shaped items while you do something else, like clean carbs or paint your swimgarm. It is a line of sight process so setup is important but not hyper critical. The inside of a tank might be tough to do because you need to make sure the anode can see the entire inside of the tank but not touch anything.
Keep in mind, though, that like all rust removal processes it will not fill in pits in the base metal. Once the rust eats away the original surface, that surface is gone forever and, if necessary, will have to be replaced by bondo, lead, welding, whatever. Between this, oxalic acid, and naval jelly you should be able to de-rust just about anything a scabby old bike throws at you.
Good Luck,
~john