Sure, take the washer and the nut, line them up on the shaft, and mark where the edge of the nut lines up on the washer. Pull the washer off, and hold it in a bench vise.
CAREFULLY put a slight bend in the washer where your mark is...you don't want to over-do it. It helps if you put the washer pretty far down in the bench vise when you clamp it down so that it bends at your pliers, and not at the vise. I tend to place the washer so that the hole in the center is being gripped by the vise, that way it won't bend there. Again, bend the washer's tab down from each outer edge rather than the center so that you get a "uniform bend".
With a 20-30 degree bend in the washer before you put it on the bike, you should be able snug the nut down and still get a grip on the tab with the pliers. Even if you mess up and bend the tab at a point that's too low, torquing down the nut will straighten things out for you.
edit: The caveman alternative that I used to go with before using a bench vise was to snug the nut down over the washer like you did, and then use a flathead screwdriver + a rubber mallet to tap behind the washer and start to bend it down. It works...but I figure "chipping away" around the shaft and chain was a bad idea after a couple slips.