You may have caught it in time, then it wont cost too much, and you have piece of mind..
Pump rotors are generally scarred up, you may be able to use them. Did you by chance check oil pressure before teardown...?
Check the debris with a magnet to see how much is steel, aluminum and rubber tends to be less harmful..
In my opinion, the rubber wear can be oil caused.. had a buddy take his out very quickly using car oil one time..
That rubber primary roller looks fairly worn, but looks like it did not lose the lips on the side.. not like the pieces you showed.