Connecting the field coil directly to a battery directly or with jumpers - no harness connection - is pretty easy. One wire to battery "-", the other to battery "+".
That's essentially how the regulator powers the coil, so it won't explode or anything.
If it seems reasonably OK, ie no major spark when connecting it, no melting wires, and not getting super hot within a minute... the coil is almost certainly OK. There should be about 20W dissipated in the coil if all is well, and that will definitely heat it up but not to burning hot for several minutes. If it is actually 0.2 Ohms the current will be around 60A (assuming your battery can deliver that), enough to heat the wires and melt their insulation in a few seconds.
To measure current plug the meter's black test lead into the left black socket marked MAX 10A 250V with the red plug in the center red socket. Turn the knob to 10A. Connect one coil wire to battery "-". Connect one meter probe to the other coil wire, touch the other meter probe to battery "+". The meter should read the coil current amps. Polarity does not matter, the meter should read negative amps one way around but the number is the same and that's your coil current. If you connect the meter leads to battery "-" and "+" (DON"T!) in "10A" ... the meter's internal fuse will blow instantly.
You can calculate the coil resistance with the current reading and the battery voltage with coil connected, via Ohm's Law. Take great care to switch the meter to volts before measuring voltage after measuring current!
I'm not sure about your meter, but I would swap the black lead to the right side as well before trying a voltage measurement. I just blew the fuse on a Fluke 75 as it has its current shunt directly between the 10A socket and the black one.
Just divide the volts by the amps to get actual coil resistance. 12V and 1A is 1 Ohm resistance. 12V and 2A is 0.5 Ohm. 12V and 0.5 A is 2 Ohms, etc.
There will be an inductive kickback from the coil when voltage is disconnected, not dangerous but it will shock you if you are touching both the battery side and the coil side of the connection then.