I don't think you will get a 180 in a stock frame without a jackshaft. You can do it with a chopper frame but I think you need to do frame surgery, I am not sure the chain line will clear the rear frame rail. I know the chopper guys use the 78 motors because it gives you the most chain spacing with minimal offset. I think a 160 might clear, most of the cb issues on a stock bike have to do with the tire rubbing the stock swingarm.
as far as getting a 180 in a DOHC rear swingarm, I would suggest looking at a cbr600 f3 rear rim. I am not 100% sure on this (I am for the cbrf2 but that is a 160) but I believe the rear axle diameter is the same as a stock DOHC cb750F so all you would need to do is make spacers to fit and figure out how to do the chain line. Otherwise you will need to lace a 5" rim to your cb750F hub.
Honestly though, why do you want an 180? 150 will provide you with all the traction you need if you are going racing. A 180 tire is pretty useless on a cb750.