Author Topic: Does it matter how I install piston rings?  (Read 15277 times)

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Offline reddyvv

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #25 on: December 14, 2013, 03:30:00 PM »
Rings do rotate around on their own.

That is the only reason why two-stroke pistons have pins on them - so the rings don't rotate to where the ring ends catch on a port and break. If they didn't rotate, manufacturers wouldn't go to the expense or hassle of putting in pins and machining cups in the rings.
« Last Edit: December 14, 2013, 03:32:22 PM by reddyvv »

Offline cakey

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #26 on: December 14, 2013, 03:34:52 PM »
I was talking about this with a mate of mine at work who teaches Diesel Mechanics. He was saying that there are some engines that have pistons with pins in them. They are there to solely stop the movement of rings around the piston. But he said that even though they move it would be asking for trouble not to spread them evenly around the piston. He also said that the gaps must stay away from the wrist pins (I don't know why)
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Offline MCRider

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #27 on: December 14, 2013, 04:03:34 PM »
The link I saw years ago was a cutaway engine with a clear sight panel so the rings could be watched. They rotated quite freely, several times per minute.

Another was a running engine where it was assembled run and disassembled over and over. Rings were never in the same place as assembled.

Complete wives tale. No danger at all to alignment of gaps. amazing how we humans cling to the absurd.

In fact I just installed my cylinders and... set all the gaps at 120°.  Why not? They've got to be set somewhere.  ;)   :D   :D
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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #28 on: December 14, 2013, 04:11:16 PM »
Rings do rotate around on their own.

That is the only reason why two-stroke pistons have pins on them - so the rings don't rotate to where the ring ends catch on a port and break. If they didn't rotate, manufacturers wouldn't go to the expense or hassle of putting in pins and machining cups in the rings.

Yeah, I'm still not convinced. In a two stroke, you definitely don't want the rings to rotate, so you put dowls there. Even if a two stroke ring did or didn't rotate, you would still put a dowl there to make very sure that it wan't going to rotate, just to take the guesswork or risk out of it.

With a 4 stroke, if rotation occurs or not, there are no ports to snag against, so it probably won't overly matter. This still doesn't stand to say that they rotate (or significantly change angular position) in a 4 stoke.

The question still arises. Do rings rotate in a 4 stoke? Does anyone have evidence of builds they have done in the past and have done a teardown and removed the rings to see if their gap positions were roughly in the same spots?

I openly don't know the answer 100% to this & am curious myself. Why have i been careful to place the gaps correctly all of these years if it's just a wives tale?

Not trying to be a smart as$, but just want something more convincing than "they rotate". Like someones real testimony.

PS: For cakey, the piston expansion happens less along the wristpin axis as it does 90 deg to that. So that might be a reason for the pin in a diesel, perhaps combined with the vastly greater compression pressure. This is my guess anyhow.

AJK

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #29 on: December 14, 2013, 04:13:24 PM »
The link I saw years ago was a cutaway engine with a clear sight panel so the rings could be watched. They rotated quite freely, several times per minute.

Another was a running engine where it was assembled run and disassembled over and over. Rings were never in the same place as assembled.

Complete wives tale. No danger at all to alignment of gaps. amazing how we humans cling to the absurd.

In fact I just installed my cylinders and... set all the gaps at 120°.  Why not? They've got to be set somewhere.  ;)   :D   :D

Thanks MCRider,

Thats the kind of answer I was hoping for. Of course, if you had a video of the link where i could see it for myself i'd feel even better. Any chance of posting it?

cheers

Offline Powderman

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #30 on: December 14, 2013, 04:19:19 PM »
Thanks Powderman,

On that logic, then what is the point of watching where you put the gaps? If they are going to rotate anyway & it really is an old wives tale.

I think you might have forgotten to attach the link.

I'm not discrediting your info, because every time i've pulled the pistons out of an engine i've built, i've never bothered or remembered to check the gaps position upon removal. So i don't have the answer to it either. If i remembered to check it, then i would have the true answer, not just an internet answer.

So has anyone on this sohc forum, upon pulling out a piston(s), checked if the ring gap positions stayed the same (or roughly the same) position as to how they went in? Hondaman, Twotired, others? Surely someone has checked this in the past.

Anyone can post stuff on the internet. I like to see it for myself, or at least take it from a trusted source.

PS: Valve springs definitely rotate under high rpms and they are meant to as the harmonics are set up due to the springs and frequency, so this is true. But i'm still yet to be convinced that piston rings rotate.


[/quote]

The link was posted in the post before mine. Here it is again from the Institute of Diagnostic Engineers. It reads exactly as I said but I swear I had not read that link first.

http://www.diagnosticengineers.org/journal_%20articles/Ring%20Gaps%20vs%20Knowledge%20Gaps.php

It also doesn't really matter how wide the ring gap is either as long as it isn't too tight and binds when they expand. But that's another story for another thread perhaps. When rings wear and the gap gets bigger it is not the gap that allows blow by but the less tension against the cylinder wall that allows the blow by pressure into the crankcase.
« Last Edit: December 14, 2013, 04:24:22 PM by Powderman »

AJK

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #31 on: December 14, 2013, 04:36:37 PM »
Thanks Powderman,

On that logic, then what is the point of watching where you put the gaps? If they are going to rotate anyway & it really is an old wives tale.

I think you might have forgotten to attach the link.

I'm not discrediting your info, because every time i've pulled the pistons out of an engine i've built, i've never bothered or remembered to check the gaps position upon removal. So i don't have the answer to it either. If i remembered to check it, then i would have the true answer, not just an internet answer.

So has anyone on this sohc forum, upon pulling out a piston(s), checked if the ring gap positions stayed the same (or roughly the same) position as to how they went in? Hondaman, Twotired, others? Surely someone has checked this in the past.

Anyone can post stuff on the internet. I like to see it for myself, or at least take it from a trusted source.

PS: Valve springs definitely rotate under high rpms and they are meant to as the harmonics are set up due to the springs and frequency, so this is true. But i'm still yet to be convinced that piston rings rotate.



The link was posted in the post before mine. Here it is again from the Institute of Diagnostic Engineers. It reads exactly as I said but I swear I had not read that link first.

http://www.diagnosticengineers.org/journal_%20articles/Ring%20Gaps%20vs%20Knowledge%20Gaps.php

It also doesn't really matter how wide the ring gap is either as long as it isn't too tight and binds when they expand. But that's another story for another thread perhaps. When rings wear and the gap gets bigger it is not the gap that allows blow by but the less tension against the cylinder wall that allows the blow by pressure into the crankcase.
[/quote]


Thanks Powderman,
Just read your article, it seemed alright, but i'd still love to see the video with a sight-glass mentioned my McRider.

Just reading this now
http://www.federalmogul.com/en-US/Media/Documents/ICES200976080.pdf

From what i can see, there is no mention of rotation, but they go deep into the subject of piston rings in general.

Re: The gap itself, you are right with regards to the binding. The gap will close up as the motor warms up. As the engine wears, the gap will be increased.

Some correction here:

- To say the a wide gap doesn't matter is incorrect. Look up 'gapless rings' and you will see how a wide gap reduces compression

- It is not the spring tension itself that stops 1000+ psi from getting past the rings on the power stroke. Rather, it is the pressure itself, getting behind the rings and forcing them out onto the cylinder bore. Thats what does all the sealing.
  Its in the federal mogul link above.

Here is another good link on rings in general
http://vtt.fi/inf/pdf/tiedotteet/2002/T2178.pdf
« Last Edit: December 14, 2013, 04:49:45 PM by AJK »

Offline MCRider

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #32 on: December 14, 2013, 04:44:01 PM »
The link I saw years ago was a cutaway engine with a clear sight panel so the rings could be watched. They rotated quite freely, several times per minute.

Another was a running engine where it was assembled run and disassembled over and over. Rings were never in the same place as assembled.

Complete wives tale. No danger at all to alignment of gaps. amazing how we humans cling to the absurd.

In fact I just installed my cylinders and... set all the gaps at 120°.  Why not? They've got to be set somewhere.  ;)   :D   :D

Thanks MCRider,

Thats the kind of answer I was hoping for. Of course, if you had a video of the link where i could see it for myself i'd feel even better. Any chance of posting it?

cheers
Posted by others:
http://www.diagnosticengineers.org/journal_%20articles/Ring%20Gaps%20vs%20Knowledge%20Gaps.php
From Wickipedia "It is considered good practice[by whom?] to build a new engine with the ring gaps staggered around the circumference of the bore. This means that any escaping gas must negotiate a labyrinth before escaping past the rings. However, while the engine is running, the rings will tend to rotate around the piston and not remain in the position as fitted. Many rings will then stick in one spot at random and remain there for the life of the engine. For this reason, ring position during build cannot be considered to be important although most engine builders would feel uncomfortable assembling an engine with the gaps aligned."

But the best I can't find, which was the engine with the viewing port. The engine didn't run but was turned manually and the rotations observed. I'll keep looking.
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Offline Powderman

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #33 on: December 14, 2013, 04:52:38 PM »
Thanks Powderman,

On that logic, then what is the point of watching where you put the gaps? If they are going to rotate anyway & it really is an old wives tale.

I think you might have forgotten to attach the link.

I'm not discrediting your info, because every time i've pulled the pistons out of an engine i've built, i've never bothered or remembered to check the gaps position upon removal. So i don't have the answer to it either. If i remembered to check it, then i would have the true answer, not just an internet answer.

So has anyone on this sohc forum, upon pulling out a piston(s), checked if the ring gap positions stayed the same (or roughly the same) position as to how they went in? Hondaman, Twotired, others? Surely someone has checked this in the past.

Anyone can post stuff on the internet. I like to see it for myself, or at least take it from a trusted source.

PS: Valve springs definitely rotate under high rpms and they are meant to as the harmonics are set up due to the springs and frequency, so this is true. But i'm still yet to be convinced that piston rings rotate.



The link was posted in the post before mine. Here it is again from the Institute of Diagnostic Engineers. It reads exactly as I said but I swear I had not read that link first.

http://www.diagnosticengineers.org/journal_%20articles/Ring%20Gaps%20vs%20Knowledge%20Gaps.php

It also doesn't really matter how wide the ring gap is either as long as it isn't too tight and binds when they expand. But that's another story for another thread perhaps. When rings wear and the gap gets bigger it is not the gap that allows blow by but the less tension against the cylinder wall that allows the blow by pressure into the crankcase.


Thanks Powderman,
Just read your article, it seemed alright, but i'd still love to see the video with a sight-glass mentioned my McRider.

Just reading this now
http://www.federalmogul.com/en-US/Media/Documents/ICES200976080.pdf

From what i can see, there is no mention of rotation, but they go deep into the subject of piston rings in general.

Re: The gap itself, you are right with regards to the binding. The gap will close up as the motor warms up. As the engine wears, the gap will be increased.

Some correction here:

- To say the a wide gap doesn't matter is incorrect. Look up 'gapless rings' and you will see how a wide gap reduces compression

- It is not the spring tension itself that stops 1000+ psi from getting past the rings on the power stroke. Rather, it is the pressure itself, getting behind the rings and forcing them out onto the cylinder bore. Thats what does all the sealing.
  Its in the federal mogul link above.


[/quote] That is not ALL that is sealing , the ring itself, as mentioned in the article, has tangential pressure against the cylinder wall. As the ring wears, the gap gets bigger but it is the loss of tangential pressure of the rings that allows the blow by. It is discussed fully in the article if you read it in it's entirety. My linked article devotes a couple of paragraphs to rings rotation. Your linked article even states that the tangential ring pressure works in conjunction with the gas pressure behind the ring.  I used to run Total Seal gapless rings in my race motors but have since learned it is nothing more than a gimmick to make money by the ring makers.
« Last Edit: December 14, 2013, 05:06:51 PM by Powderman »

Offline MCRider

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #34 on: December 14, 2013, 05:03:22 PM »
Here's someone who's pretty optimistic that they do rotate.
http://www.google.es/patents/US6155109

Lots of forum threads on the subject. Consensus by a long shot is for rotation, no need to set gap positions.

But I prefer some objective testing type proof myself, I've seen it, but don't expect others to take my word for it.
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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #35 on: December 14, 2013, 05:18:46 PM »
In the marine engine i mentioned the rings are 2 inch square steel and it was worked out where the ring sat at TDC so a temp gauge coud be fitted through the cylinder wall at that point. This registered a temperature "spike" when the ring gap alligned with the gauge so the rotations/hour were worked out from that

If you go look at the engine TDC is a bit of a misnomer as there are two pistons in the bore that meet in the middle thaen move out, both rotating the same crank by means of a lot of heavy steel---as a hint the single cylinder experimental had a 25 ton flywheel
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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #36 on: December 14, 2013, 05:24:52 PM »
Thanks Powderman,

On that logic, then what is the point of watching where you put the gaps? If they are going to rotate anyway & it really is an old wives tale.

I think you might have forgotten to attach the link.

I'm not discrediting your info, because every time i've pulled the pistons out of an engine i've built, i've never bothered or remembered to check the gaps position upon removal. So i don't have the answer to it either. If i remembered to check it, then i would have the true answer, not just an internet answer.

So has anyone on this sohc forum, upon pulling out a piston(s), checked if the ring gap positions stayed the same (or roughly the same) position as to how they went in? Hondaman, Twotired, others? Surely someone has checked this in the past.

Anyone can post stuff on the internet. I like to see it for myself, or at least take it from a trusted source.

PS: Valve springs definitely rotate under high rpms and they are meant to as the harmonics are set up due to the springs and frequency, so this is true. But i'm still yet to be convinced that piston rings rotate.



The link was posted in the post before mine. Here it is again from the Institute of Diagnostic Engineers. It reads exactly as I said but I swear I had not read that link first.

http://www.diagnosticengineers.org/journal_%20articles/Ring%20Gaps%20vs%20Knowledge%20Gaps.php

It also doesn't really matter how wide the ring gap is either as long as it isn't too tight and binds when they expand. But that's another story for another thread perhaps. When rings wear and the gap gets bigger it is not the gap that allows blow by but the less tension against the cylinder wall that allows the blow by pressure into the crankcase.


Thanks Powderman,
Just read your article, it seemed alright, but i'd still love to see the video with a sight-glass mentioned my McRider.

Just reading this now
http://www.federalmogul.com/en-US/Media/Documents/ICES200976080.pdf

From what i can see, there is no mention of rotation, but they go deep into the subject of piston rings in general.

Re: The gap itself, you are right with regards to the binding. The gap will close up as the motor warms up. As the engine wears, the gap will be increased.

Some correction here:

- To say the a wide gap doesn't matter is incorrect. Look up 'gapless rings' and you will see how a wide gap reduces compression

- It is not the spring tension itself that stops 1000+ psi from getting past the rings on the power stroke. Rather, it is the pressure itself, getting behind the rings and forcing them out onto the cylinder bore. Thats what does all the sealing.
  Its in the federal mogul link above.


That is not ALL that is sealing , the ring itself, as mentioned in the article, has tangential pressure against the cylinder wall. As the ring wears, the gap gets bigger but it is the loss of tangential pressure of the rings that allows the blow by. It is discussed fully in the article if you read it in it's entirety. My linked article devotes a couple of paragraphs to rings rotation. Your linked article even states that the tangential ring pressure works in conjunction with the gas pressure behind the ring.  I used to run Total Seal gapless rings in my race motors but have since learned it is nothing more than a gimmick to make money by the ring makers.
[/quote]

Yeah, i hear ya, but what is the ratio of tangential natural ring tension vs combustion pressure? If you get a new ring, you can squeeze it easily with your hand. How significant do you think this tension is in sealing combustion pressure at 1000+psi compared to the effect of getting the pressure behind the ring to do the real sealing?

Personally, i see a widening ring gap taking more effect on the "worn-ness" of an engine rather than natural spring tension itself. As the rings wear, the tension becomes less, but the gap also widens. The tension (being reduced due to the ring being worn) probably doesn't make that much difference because the pressure is still getting behind the ring to seal it. But because the gap is widening, you are capturing less compression, or rather allowing more to leak past & blow by.

The end gap for our engines (top and 2nd ring) as stated by the Honda manual is:
  0.0079 to 0.016"  (standard in spec)
  0.0028" (servicable limit)

So I believe that the gaps do make a difference to the 'worn-ness' of an engine & I also believe the gap plays more of a role than the spring tension itself.

Regarding gapless rings. Your mileage may vary. Reports I've read say that unless you are running nitrous for street/strip use, you won't probably notice a difference between gapless and std rings. When you start pushing things with nitrous & increasing the pressure, then difference shows up.

Offline Powderman

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #37 on: December 14, 2013, 05:29:01 PM »
AJK, I can see that intensive testing by qualified engineers on this specific subject is not going to convince you other wise. You can believe what you want, you will still be wrong. So I'm through with this subject and you. 

AJK

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #38 on: December 14, 2013, 05:29:39 PM »
In the marine engine i mentioned the rings are 2 inch square steel and it was worked out where the ring sat at TDC so a temp gauge coud be fitted through the cylinder wall at that point. This registered a temperature "spike" when the ring gap alligned with the gauge so the rotations/hour were worked out from that

If you go look at the engine TDC is a bit of a misnomer as there are two pistons in the bore that meet in the middle thaen move out, both rotating the same crank by means of a lot of heavy steel---as a hint the single cylinder experimental had a 25 ton flywheel

Hi Bryanj,

Do you know if they used a dowl in this engine to keep the rings fixed? Or was there no dowl?

In this pdf
http://www.federalmogul.com/en-US/Media/Documents/ICES200976080.pdf

There is a picture on page 14 that shows the increased temperature occuring on the ring gap. It might have been this 'spike' that they were looking for ???

AJK

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #39 on: December 14, 2013, 05:31:06 PM »
AJK, I can see that intensive testing by qualified engineers on this specific subject is not going to convince you other wise. You can believe what you want, you will still be wrong. So I'm through with this subject and you.

Thats cool. Enjoy reading your articles and the rest of your weekend.

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #41 on: December 14, 2013, 05:55:10 PM »
Pg 18; #5!

http://naca.central.cranfield.ac.uk/reports/1946/naca-report-850.pdf

I guess that settles it then. Looks like they rotate (& it is an old wived tale).

Thanks for the pdf, looks pretty good. I'll read the rest of it.

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #42 on: December 15, 2013, 10:54:54 PM »
No pegs mate as teh rings rotated. The single cylinder we had had two turbos----each bigger than a V8 ; bottom piston oil cooled, top piston water cooled
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Offline Don R

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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #43 on: December 15, 2013, 11:11:06 PM »
 The point is, yes it matters but will not cause oil pressure problems. Did the oil light come on or is that posted in another thread?
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Re: Does it matter how I install piston rings?
« Reply #44 on: December 15, 2013, 11:14:04 PM »
Did you measure the end gap of the rings?
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