If I'm right, here's an easy one (-ish). If not, here's an easy one.
Honda launched the CB750 to an unsuspecting motorcycle world in 1968. In doing so they scuppered the plans of another one of the 'Big 4' who were planning on a bike of the same capacity. What was the company, and what was the name of the project (not the name of the bike) that they started as a result?