The problem that Im running into is that the between the indent in the sprocket plus the removal of the shield and locking tab, there isnt enough thread on the studs to tighten the nuts down. Has anyone run into this and if so how did you resolve the issue?
Yes, I noticed this same issue recently. The newer rear 530 sprockets are thinner at the hub, sort of "dished" than previous 530 sprockets I have used. The newer sprockets are not "offset", since the back sprocket face is still flat, but the outer face has been undercut across the center of the sprocket making it thinner at the hub. I guess you could reverse the sprocket and achieve some "negative" (inboard) offset, but can't imagine any practical reason for doing so. The older sprockets were uniform thickness, where as the new ones I fitted recently to two separate K8 CB750's were cut down in the center. One of these had already been converted to 530 chain but the old sprocket was the same thickness edge to edge. I used two different methods to deal with this, the first of which was to simply slip a 1/2" lock washer under the head of each nut. EZPZ
The second method was a little more involved. The difference in the thickness of the sprockets that I measured works out to be about 3mm (about 1/8"). This is enough to get into the (unthreaded) shoulder of mounting stud before the nuts tighten down on the thinned center of the newer style sprockets. To compensate for this I first removed the studs, drilled the outer edge of the hub 3mm deep to allow the shoulder of the stud to thread another 3mm deeper into the hub then reinstalled the studs.
I had considered two other options, either threading the existing stud an additional 3mm, or replacing the studs with studs that already had a shorter shoulder. I may still consider these options, since I still have three more K8's that will likely see 530 conversions.
What gets me is that I would expect this to be a problem with the older CB750's as well. I checked the parts fiches and found examples of earlier models that came stock with the 530 chain that used the same part number for the rear sprocket studs as the later models with the 630 chain...
So I think it boils down to a change to the 530 sprocket where the thinning of the center (or hub) portion of the sprocket in the newer design failed to account for those that are mounted to shouldered studs. Easy enough to fix, but I found it to be an unexpected, and unwelcome surprise.